A limited-slip differential (LSD) is a type of differential that prevents excessive wheelspin by mechanically linking the wheels. Unlike an open differential that sends power to the wheel with least resistance (often the spinning one), an LSD transfers torque to the wheel with more grip.
Early versions used clutches or gears to achieve this. Modern designs employ various mechanisms like viscous couplings or electronic controls. The goal is always the same: to maintain forward momentum by minimizing power loss due to wheelspin.
In racing, LSDs are crucial for maximizing acceleration out of corners, especially on surfaces with varying levels of grip. They help the driver maintain control and deliver more power to the track.
Key facts
- Reduces wheelspin under acceleration.
- Transfers torque to the wheel with more grip.
- Improves traction, especially in corners.
- Uses clutches, gears, or electronic control to limit slip.
- Enhances acceleration and control on track.
- Different designs offer varying levels of lockup.